Vaccine confidence is critical to maintaining vaccination coverage rates and protecting the health of our communities. We work with partners to strengthen public trust in vaccines.
What is vaccine confidence?
Vaccine confidence is the trust that parents, patients, or providers have in:
- recommended vaccines;
- providers who administer vaccines; and
- processes and policies that lead to vaccine development, licensure, manufacturing, and recommendations for use
Understanding Vaccine Confidence
Vaccines prevent disease, illness, and premature death — saving between 2 and 3 million lives each year.1 Despite their life-saving value, coverage in the United States remains low for several recommended vaccines. Evidence suggests that:
- Nearly 12% of parents refuse at least 1 recommended childhood vaccine2
- Over 30% of parents delay 1 or more recommended childhood vaccines3
- More people are getting school immunization exemptions for personal reasons4
- Less than 45% of adults get the recommended seasonal flu vaccine5
Understanding vaccine confidence is key to ensuring high vaccination rates and saving lives.
In 2015, The National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) released Assessing the State of Vaccine Confidence in the United States. This report identifies and describes:
- Factors that may affect parental vaccine confidence
- Ways to improve parental vaccine confidence
- Ways to measure vaccine confidence to inform future interventions
The report includes recommendations to the Assistant Secretary for Health (ASH) on how improving vaccine confidence can help reach Healthy People 2020 immunization coverage targets.
Working to Increase Vaccine Confidence
As part of our efforts to fill gaps in the immunization system through coordination and collaboration, the Office of Infectious Disease and HIV/AIDS Policy is leading the effort to understand and increase vaccine confidence across the life course. OIDP's vaccine confidence strategy focuses on:
OIDP works to identify and foster partnerships among immunization stakeholders. These diverse partnerships promote a shared understanding of vaccine-related issues and fuel innovation to address gaps in vaccine systems and increase vaccine confidence.
OIDP funds collaborative research opportunities to strengthen the current knowledge base of vaccine confidence. In addition to providing funding, OIDP assists these research partners by:
- Providing support for project design
- Serving as subject matter experts on the project
- Facilitating access to stakeholders
- Helping to prepare publications and present data to the public
OIDP is committed to providing clear, complete, and accessible information about vaccines to patients, parents, providers, and policymakers. OIDP's communication and knowledge dissemination strategies include:
- Provider education and training
- Supporting partner organizations
- Publishing evidence-based recommendations
- Organizing and promoting forums for learning about vaccine confidence
Related Resources
Explore these additional resources related to vaccine confidence:
- The Office of Infectious Disease and HIV/AIDS Policy (OIDP) and the Office of the Regional Health Operations (ORHO), Office of Assistant Secretary for Health, Department of Health and Human Services, announced a funding opportunity to support innovative practices in local communities that increase vaccine confidence and promote uptake of vaccines that are routinely recommended for adults and children, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities, adolescents and young adults, pregnant people, residents in rural communities, and others with low vaccination coverage rates. Applications are due on August 17, 2021.
- The Vaccine Confidence Meeting: Collaborating to Advance Vaccine Confidence – Meeting Report includes a summary of presentations on vaccine confidence research and practice
- Assessing the State of Vaccine Confidence in the United States has information about NVAC recommendations to increase vaccine confidence
- Flipping the Switch: Moving from Vaccine Hesitancy to Vaccine Confidence describes opportunities for grantmakers to invest in improving vaccine confidence
- 1. Bunker JP, Frazier HS, Mosteller F. Improving health: measuring effects of medical care. Milbank Q. 1994;72(2):225–258.
- 2. Freed GL, Clark SJ, Butchart AT, Singer DC, Davis MM. Parental vaccine safety concerns in 2009. Pediatrics.2010;125(4):654-9.
- 3. Smith PJ, Humiston SG, Marcuse EK, Zhao Z, Dorell CG, Howes C, Hibbs B. Parental Delay or Refusal of Vaccine Doses, childhood vaccination coverage at 24 months of age and the health belief model. Public Health Rep. 2011;126(Suppl 2):135–146.
- 4. Omer SB, Salmon DA, Orenstein WA, DeHart MP, Halsey N. Vaccine refusal, mandatory immunization, and the risks of vaccine-preventable diseases. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(19):542-50.
- 5. Williams WW, Lu P, O’Halloran A, Kim DA, Grohskopf LA, Pilishvili T, Skoff TH, Nelson NP, Harpaz R, Markowitz LE, Rodriguez-Lainz A, Fiebelkorn AP. Surveillance of vaccination coverage among adult populations — United States 2015. MMWR. 2017;66(11);1-28.
